As the temperatures rise and the allure of the pool beckons, it’s easy to forget that the very toys meant for fun in the sun can sometimes carry hidden risks. Summertime staples, like pool noodles and inflatable floats, may actually contain materials that could pose health concerns. Certain chemicals used in their production— like PVC, polystyrene, lead, and phthalates— might have less-than-friendly effects on our health.
Before you dive in, it’s worth understanding what your favorite pool toys are made of and the potential risks they carry. Is that shiny inflatable float harboring harmful chemicals? Are pool noodles toxic to dogs? We’ll explore these questions and more, offering insights into safer alternatives so you can enjoy your time in the water without worry.
Most pool noodles and floats are crafted from foam— specifically, a type of closed-cell foam that’s lightweight, water-resistant, and perfect for keeping you bobbing along. The most common materials you’ll find are polyethylene or EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate).
Some floats, especially the more elaborate ones, might also include materials like vinyl or PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride). These pool float materials are often used to create the outer layers of inflatable pool toys and provide that glossy, colorful finish that catches your eye. The inner foam core provides structure, while the outer vinyl or PVC coating ensures durability and resistance to wear and tear.
PVC, or polyvinyl chloride, is a versatile plastic used in a wide range of products, from construction materials like pipes to everyday items such as shower curtains and pool toys. The concern with PVC toxicity arises from the use of phthalates—chemicals added to make the plastic more flexible. Phthalates have been linked to potential health risks, including hormone disruption, asthma, obesity, cancer, and even lower IQ in children, although the CDC notes that more research is needed. Exposure to phthalates can occur through inhalation (such as the off-gassing from a new vinyl shower curtain), ingestion of food that has been in contact with PVC, or skin contact, particularly for young children who might chew on plastic toys.
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Polyethylene foam is a widely used material in pool noodles and floats due to its lightweight, durable, and cushioning properties. It’s generally considered safe and non-toxic, but there are some concerns when it’s exposed to extreme heat or certain chemicals. Under these conditions, polyethylene foam can release small amounts of harmful substances. Potential exposure to these toxins is usually minimal but can occur through inhaling fumes if the foam is burned or through ingesting small particles that break off over time, especially in older or heavily used products. While skin contact is generally not a significant concern, it’s still wise to handle these products with care.
Polystyrene is a plastic commonly found in disposable coffee cups, food containers, insulation, and some pool floats. It's lightweight and easy to mold, making it a popular choice for various products. However, the main concern with polystyrene is its potential to release styrene, a chemical that can be harmful to health. Styrene exposure has been associated with respiratory problems, skin irritation, and even an increased risk of cancer, though more research is ongoing. You can be exposed to styrene by inhaling fumes, especially when polystyrene products are heated or burned, or by ingesting food or drinks that have been in contact with polystyrene, particularly hot liquids or fatty foods.
Lead is a toxic heavy metal that was once commonly used in products like paints, pipes, and even toys. Although its use has been significantly reduced due to health concerns, lead can still be found in some older or imported pool toys and floats. Lead exposure is particularly dangerous for children, as it can lead to developmental delays, cognitive impairment, and other serious neurological issues. In the context of pool toys, children are at risk if they chew on or handle items containing lead.
When it comes to pool toys, some materials pose a higher risk than others. Traditional pool toys like vinyl floats, water wings, and kickboards are often the culprits, as they may contain harmful chemicals like PVC, phthalates, polystyrene, or even lead in older or imported items. A good rule of thumb is: if something is inflatable or made from rigid plastic, it could contain materials that pose health risks.
Heat can exacerbate these risks by encouraging harmful chemicals, such as phthalates or styrene, to leach out of the plastic. So, leaving these toys to bake in the summer sun might increase your exposure to these toxins.
Tip: Wondering how to tell for sure if one of your pool toys contains PVC or other harmful materials? Check the recycling triangle symbol. If you see the number 3, “V,” or PVC inside the mark, you’re dealing with PVC. For polystyrene, look for the number 6 or the letters “PS.” Avoiding these toys, or replacing them with safer alternatives, can help reduce your exposure.
PVC and phthalates don’t have to put a damper on your summer fun. Fortunately, there are some safer alternatives on the market. If you want to avoid potential exposure to toxic chemicals, look for items made with ethylene vinyl acetate, or EVA.
Products made with EVA are flexible and include most pool noodles. Yes, your pool noodles are probably safe! Other products made with EVA include foam float belts and mats.
Styrofoam-like products made of EVA are probably not harmful if ingested (for dogs or humans!), but you should keep an eye out for choking in young children.
Of course, if you can’t find products made with EVA, you can buy used toys made with PVC. Because these have already been off-gassed, they have a lower risk of exposure.
As you consider the safety of your pool noodles and floats, it's clear that making informed choices can help protect your family’s health. But while you’re thinking about pool safety, it’s also a great time to think about the broader picture of home maintenance, including your pool.
With an American Home Shield® home warranty, you’ll have peace of mind knowing that unexpected breakdowns of your major systems and appliances are covered. And when you add on a built-in pool and spa equipment warranty, you can specifically safeguard against costly pool repairs and maintenance issues so that your backyard oasis stays in top shape all season long. From the material of your pool toys to a hiccup in your pool’s filtration system, American Home Shield has you covered.
AHS assumes no responsibility, and specifically disclaims all liability, for your use of any and all information contained herein.
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